![]() ![]() Origins Pro-Union and anti-Republican sentiment before the attack on Fort Sumter John Bell (1796–1869), 1860 Constitutional Union Party presidential candidate On Lincoln's assassination, Johnson was sworn in as president. Two years later, Lincoln selected him as a Southerner to balance the ticket in the 1864 general election. In 1862, Lincoln chose to use his power as commander in chief to appoint Andrew Johnson as the military governor of Tennessee. At Nashville in December 1864, George Thomas routed the Army of Tennessee under John Bell Hood, the last major battle fought in the state. The Tullahoma campaign, led by William Rosecrans, drove the Confederates from Middle Tennessee so quickly that they did not take many casualties, and were strong enough to defeat Rosecrans soon afterward. Grant, while his area commander Henry Halleck was rewarded with a promotion to General-in-Chief. The Battle of Shiloh and the fighting along the Mississippi brought glory to the little-known Ulysses S. In February 1862, some of the war's first serious fighting took place along the Tennessee and Cumberland rivers, recognized as major military highways, and mountain passes such as Cumberland Gap were keenly competed-for by both sides. Although Tennessee provided a large number of troops for the Confederacy, it would also provide more soldiers for the Union Army than any other state within the Confederacy. It was a divided state, with the Eastern counties harboring pro- Union sentiment throughout the conflict, and it was the last state to officially secede from the Union, in protest of President Lincoln's April 15 Proclamation calling forth 75,000 members of state militias to suppress the rebellion. ![]() The American Civil War significantly affected Tennessee, with every county witnessing combat. ![]()
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